扭力冲击器 Torsion impactor

结构原理   Tool principle
   

      扭冲工具是一个安装于螺杆钻具/钻铤和PDC钻头之间的管状工具。在其内部靠近钻铤一端， 有一个泥浆流量分配器，它将具有200-400马力巨大功率的泥浆二次分配到管状工具内。
     来源于泥浆的巨大能量使得工具内的冲击锤的两个动力部分相互反转起来，产生周向上的、均匀恒定的高频冲击力，这种频率达到750-1500次每分钟，而且集中均匀地给到了整个钻头体上。
     这样对钻头的井下振动（横向/纵向/扭向振动或共振 ）起到了一个平衡和稳定的作用。

    The torsion tool is a tubular tool installed between the downhole drilling motor/drill collar and the PDC bit. At the end near the drill collar, inside there is a mud flow distributor , which distributes the mud with a huge power of 200-400 horsepower to the tubular tool for a second time.
    The huge energy from the mud makes the two power parts of the impact hammer in the tool reverse each other, generating a circumferential, uniform and constant high-frequency impact force. This frequency reaches 750-1500 times per minute, and concentratedly and evenly give it to the entire drill body.
    This has a balanced and stable effect on the downhole vibration (lateral/longitudinal/torsional vibration or resonance) of the drill bit.

工具特点    Tool features

扭力冲击器消除粘滑现象！
Torque impactor eliminates stick-slip phenomenon!

理想钻进状态 （这种理想化的状态是不存在的）。
Ideal drilling state (this idealized state does not exist).
当钻头刚吃入地层，扭力不足，钻头暂时停顿。
 When the drill bit just entered the formation, the torque was insufficient, and the drill bit stopped temporarily.
钻头不动，而转盘在旋转，那么扭矩的能量就积 蓄在整个钻杆上，钻杆处于扭曲状态。
If the drill bit is not moving and the dial is rotating, then the torque energy is accumulated in the entire drill pipe, which is in a twisted state.
当钻柱上的扭力应力突然释放后，钻头突然加速，造成钻头损坏。
When the torsion stress on the drill string is suddenly released, the drill bit accelerates suddenly, causing damage to the drill bit.
 PDC钻头与周向冲击发生器配合使用后，改善这种钻头受力不均匀状态
 After the PDC bit is used in conjunction with the circumferential impact generator, the uneven force of the bit is improved.
PDC钻头：由原来单一的“剪切”破岩成为“剪切+冲击”破岩
PDC bit: from the original single "shearing" rock breaking to "shearing + impact" rock breaking.

扭力冲击器改变了PDC钻头的破岩方式 
Torque impactor changed the rock breaking method of PDC bit
提供每分钟 750-1500 次高频的稳定的力，就相当于每分钟 750- 1500 次切削地层，使钻头不需要等待扭力积蓄足够的能量就可以切 削地层，实现快速、平稳钻进。
It provides 750-1500 times per minute high frequency and stable force, which is equivalent to 750-1500 times per minute cutting the formation, so that the drill bit can cut the formation without waiting for the torque to accumulate enough energy to achieve fast and stable drilling.

使用扭力冲击器后，钻杆的扭矩基本是稳定的。
After using the torsion impactor, the torque of the drill pipe is basically stable.

未带扭冲Without torsion impactor
带扭冲With torsion impactor

扭力冲击器消除井底不规则振动！
Torsion impactor eliminates irregular vibration at the bottom of the well!
在井下PDC钻头的运动远非理想的均匀、简单，在钻进中包含着无序运动，包括横向、纵向和扭向的振动及 这几种振动的组合。
The movement of the PDC bit in the downhole is far from ideally uniform and simple. The drilling involves disordered movement, including lateral, longitudinal and torsional vibrations and a combination of these types of vibrations. 
井下振动会损坏 PDC 切削齿, 导致钻头寿命降低，引起扭矩波动，干扰定向控制和随钻测井（LWD）信号， 以及产生不规则井眼降低井身质量。
Downhole vibration can damage the PDC cutting teeth, which reduces the life of the bit, cause torque fluctuations, interfere with directional control and logging while drilling (LWD) signals, and produce irregular boreholes that reduce wellbore quality.

涡轮使得工具内的冲击锤的两个动力部分相互反转起来，产生周向上 的、均匀恒定的高频冲击力，这种频率达到750-1500次每分钟，而且集 中均匀地给到了整个钻头体上。 
对钻头的井下振动（横向/纵向/扭向振动或共振）起到了一个平衡和 稳定的作用。 
结构合理简单，纯动力机械设计，无电子元器件，无橡胶件，耐高温， 适合各油田超深井的使用。 
安全可靠。材质选用和钻铤同样的材质，每套工具都有严格检测程序； 现场20多套工具使用结果证明，井下工作时间能够达到180-250小时。 
由于冲击力集中均匀地加到整个钻头体和钻柱上，因此扭力冲击器能 有效消除PDC钻头的卡滑拖压现象。 
大大提高在中硬及特硬岩层的机械钻速,节省巨大成本和钻井时间.
The turbine causes the two power parts of the impact hammer in the tool to reverse each other, generating circumferential, uniform and constant high-frequency impact force. This frequency reaches 750-1500 times per minute, and it is concentratedly and evenly applied to the entire bit body. 
It has a balance and stabilization effect on the downhole vibration (lateral/longitudinal/torsional vibration or resonance) of the drill bit.
The structure is reasonable and simple, pure power mechanical design, no electronic components, no rubber parts, high temperature resistance, suitable for the use of ultra-deep wells in various oil fields.
Safe and reliable. The material is the same as the drill collar, and each set of tools has strict inspection procedures; the results of using more than 20 sets of tools on site have proved that the downhole working time can reach 180-250 hours.
Because the impact force is concentratedly and uniformly applied to the entire drill bit body and drill string, the torsion impactor can effectively eliminate the stuck-slip and drag phenomenon of the PDC drill bit.
Greatly improve the rate of penetration in medium-hard and extra-hard rock formations, saving huge costs and drilling time.

涡轮式结构：国内的扭冲工具是需要钻井液3-5MPa左右压差驱动 的，这就对钻井设备提出了更高的要求，针对压差过高这种情况， 研制出了解决压差问题的涡轮式旋冲振荡器。能量转换效率高，单位时间的冲击扭矩及能量大，压力降1MPa左右。
冲击频率高，远高于压差驱动原理的扭冲工具。 
长度短，L＝0.42m，对螺杆钻具的造斜率影响很小。
该涡轮式扭力冲击器适用于深井、高温井和地热井。
Turbine structure: Domestic torsion tools need drilling fluid driven by a pressure difference of about 3-5MPa, which puts forward higher requirements on drilling equipment. In view of the situation of excessive pressure difference,turbo-type rotary oscillator has been developed to solve the problem of pressure .The energy conversion efficiency is high, the impact torque and energy per unit time are large, and the pressure fall is about 1 MPa.
The impact frequency is much higher than that of the torsion tool based on the pressure different driven.
The length is short, L=0.42m, which has little effect on the build angle rate of the downhole drilling tools.
The turbo-type torsion impactor is suitable for deep wells, high temperature wells and geothermal wells.

规格型号    Specification